The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution

Through all these years I always think of the American Revolution as customary rebellion which the parties involved fight for something like a parcel of land or for political divisions, i. e. territorial expansion. They deliberately fight against each other head-to-head just to get what they wanted. Maybe it is the result of watching classical movies that defy true essence of revolution that I came to think this way about the ancient wars. However, reading the book entitled The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution written by Bernard Bailyn, renewed my traditional view of the revolution as a whole.It was astoundingly compact yet the message the author conveyed was crystal clear. Bailyn vividly presented his idea that â€Å"power must be watched and restrained tightly† else, liberty will no longer take hold of the situation and much worse, slavery and other forms of oppression will occur. I learned to view the American Revolution from a different perspective in what he called the â€Å"ideological origins†. In effect, I was able to draw critical analysis based from Bailyn’s work of other cases of rebellion here and abroad.The purpose of the author in writing the book, as I comprehended it, is basically to tell everyone that wars happened because of radical minds that drew political ideology from social and traditional outlooks and screened by past experiences. They are explicitly called as radical libertarians who focused on the effort of freeing the individual from tyranny of the state. Bailyn traced their ideological background and found one important piece of the puzzle that he presented in the first part of the book: the pamphlet story.He told us that those pamphlets â€Å"had peculiar virtues as a medium of communication† among the proponents who drafted of the American Revolution. It was in this method (and many others following it) that radical minds gained power and support from the commoners and so the revolution was given birth. But of course, the main event still laid in the messages that the radicals were sending out. The American Revolution was indeed initiated and maintained by radical libertarians until it reached its final destination.The author showed in the book that the American Revolution was â€Å"a cluster of convictions focused on the effort to free the individual from the oppressive misuse of power† by the state. He did not just a compile these convictions but also the analyzed each of them point-by-point as those were his premises in the logical structure of the book. It was the product of years of constant search of relevant information that pertains to the American Revolution. The book was overwhelming with researched ideas which the author found useful.The book was organized into six parts beginning from the Literature of Revolution down to the Contagion of Liberty. In the Literature of Revolution, he explained the method of communication between the radicals who insti gated to the public the idea of revolution. Part II of the book talked about the Sources and Traditions which he identified the ideological background of the radical libertarians. In Part III, entitled Power and Liberty: A Theory of Politics, Bailyn discussed the issues concerning power and liberty, i.e. how should the state treat the underprivileged, the oppressed, the people who were exploited by tyrants. He showed the premises in Part IV the Logic of Rebellion—the only option that the libertarians can have. Here he talked about conspiracies and how the rebellion happened during the Great American Revolution. In Part V, Bailyn discussed the history on the Transformations resulting from the revolution. The areas he tackled were the issues on Representation and Consent, Constitution and Rights, and the Sovereignty.These transformations were the fruits of the radical libertarians’ efforts. The last but not the least, Bailyn discussed in Part VI entitled The Contagion of Liberty the privileges that the underprivileged were able to uphold after the revolution. The discussion talked about the long-term issues of slavery, religion, respect, that all in all summed into the new concept, the concept of democracy that gave every person the right to exercise his freedom in the country. However, Bailyn did not end the book here.He also included an essay entitled â€Å"Fulfillment: A Commentary on the Constitution† which described the existing constitution as the ‘fulfillment’ of the libertarians’ dreams. Bernard Bailyn is widely and deservedly identified as â€Å"our finest historian of the colonial period†. He was an Emeritus Professor at Adams University and professor of Early American History at Harvard University. He wrote many award-winning books including The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution which garnered him both the Pulitzer and Bancroft prizes.This book first published in the 1960’s was a brea kthrough for the whole mankind. He wrote the book in such a way that radical ideologies were seen as the main reason for the American Revolution to ensue. The book also proved to be applicable not just in the American societal and political transformations but also to majority of revolutions lead by radical leaders of such revolution. After all, there was no trouble understanding his ideas despite the fact that it was written from literally hundreds of sources compressed into a 416-page book.In conclusion, the Bailyn’s The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution was the possibly the best book ever written that pertains to the subject of ideological origins or backgrounds of radical libertarians who aimed to â€Å"free the individual from oppressive misuse of power† by the state. Also, he did not end his discussion to the accounts of the first half of the century but rather commented on the existing laws that he called â€Å"Fulfillment† of the hopes and d reams of the leaders of the American Revolution. Reference: Bailyn, Bernard (1992). The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.

Ratio annlysis

Current ratio is always larger than quick ratio, it may because that inventory is overstated. Inventory turnover ratio has a relatively slight rise , it also can be an indicator for the overstated inventory.As per the current ratio, overstating inventory allows Santa to avoid booking expenses and reduces the cost of goods sold. It could also indicate obsolete stock problems. Ratio Explanation Account Key assertion The change in current ratio compared with the previous year, supports the idea that inventory could be overstated. As a decrease in inventory lead to a decrease in gross margin, the auditor would be concerned that inventory is overstated.Inventory Existence Overstating inventory allows Santa to avoid booking an expense now and also rates a larger asset base. By overstating inventory. Management can reduce the cost of good sale. In order to overstate inventory, management may book sales for inventory that does not exist or miscalculate costs . Days in inventory The increase in days in inventory inventory Existence and valuation As per the current ratio, overstating allows management to avoid booking expenses and reduces the cost of goods sold, it could also indicate obsolete stock problems.

Free Essays on Homework

are used to describe the cleaning of the different countries and the world. Phrases such as, â€Å"scrub up Africa† and â€Å"I’d wash the Amazon river† give the sensation of ... Free Essays on Homework Free Essays on Homework Tom Loveless: There have been a number of press accounts saying that kids are overwhelmed with homework. We wanted to analyze the evidence on this question. We [looked at] all of the surveys done on homework in the past 20 years that have national representative samples and have met high scientific standards ... at the elementary and the high-school level. What did you find? Two things: The homework burden is not very onerous, and it hasn’t changed very much over the last two decades. UCLA conducts a survey of four-year degree-granting institutions in which they ask [college freshmen]: â€Å"In your final year of high school, how much homework did you have?† They’ve asked every year since 1987. Last year, the amount of homework kids had when they were seniors in high school hit a record low- 66 percent said they had five hours or less of homework per week. The troubling thing is that this sample [does not include] high-school dropouts, kids who go directly from high school into the work force, kids who go directly into the military and kids who go to community colleges. So these are our top students, and they are saying they did not have very much homework when they were seniors in high school. What about younger kids? The National Assessment of Educational Progress started asking homework questions in 1980. With 9-year-old students, they began asking about homework in 1984. They ask kids, â€Å"How much homework did you have yesterday?† It’s a very specific question. At age 9, 83 percent of kids said they had an hour or less of homework. The homework horror stories usually feature third or fourth graders with three or four hours of homework per night. How typical is that kind of child? In the NAEP survey, at age 9, the percentage of kids who had more than two hours of homework per night- so a lighter load than is being portrayed in these stories, although t... Free Essays on Homework Poem 1: â€Å"The Unbeliever† by Elizabeth Bishop 1. This poem is about communication between a bird on the wing and the environment around it. It is very metaphorical. Obviously it is impossible for a bird and a cloud to speak to each other in words, but in this poem they speak with each other metaphorically. The imagery is of a bird flying over the ocean making sure it doesn’t fall into the water below which it believes wants it to fall and die. The reader has the sense of a bird fighting gravity and its sense that the sea below wants it to fall and die. This poem is full of metaphoric speech between the cloud and the bird. The cloud says, â€Å"I never move. See the pillars there in the sea?† My feeling on this is that there is harm down below and the cloud is trying to get the bird to look down and endure the danger, but the bird refuses. 2. These feelings seem to relate to the ideas that are implicit because it implies indirectly that although there may be imminent danger you can learn to avoid being sucked into seeing it and thinking about it and just keep on track. An example is driving. There’s the imminent danger of crashing into an on-coming car or off a bridge or into a wall, but the driver still drives without thinking about the dangers that could take place. This poem is about determination even with so many things trying to bring you down. So this is why the ideas are implicit to the feelings because it is a simple story about a bird fighting the clouds and the wind and the water down below and staying on track and remaining determined. Poem 2: â€Å"Homework† by Allen Ginberg 1. This poem is about the fact that the world is not perfect and that it needs to be â€Å"cleaned† in a way. This is a very metamorphic poem because metaphoric words are used to describe the cleaning of the different countries and the world. Phrases such as, â€Å"scrub up Africa† and â€Å"I’d wash the Amazon river† give the sensation of ...

Bahram Sadeghi Defines Literature Essays - Sadeghi, Free Essays

Bahram Sadeghi Defines Literature Essays - Sadeghi, Free Essays Bahram Sadeghi Defines Literature Understanding Literature Dr. Nojoumian January 20, 2014 Bahram Sadeghi Defines Literature Malakut, a novelette and The Trench and the Empty Canteens, a collection of short stories added to the galaxy of Persian literature a new star; a very big and special star named Bahram Sadeghi. His style was not like anybody else before him in the Persian literatures history of storytelling (Taghizade qtd. In Aslani 83) and could not be imitated by anybody after him (Saedi, Bahram Sadeghis Art of Storytelling). He also had published some poems under the pseudonym Sahba Meghdari_ an anagram of his name Bahram Sadeghi_ but giving up soon for storytelling. Exploring Sadeghis view toward literature is worthwhile because of the great influence he had on the later generations of Persian short story writers, Houshang Golshiri among the most notable ones (Golshiri). Mr. Writer has just started to write, one of the short stories in the collection The Trench and the Empty Canteens, is itself the story of the production of a literary work which can gives us some clue for further research about how Sadeghi defined literature. In the story of Mr. Writer has just started to write, Mr. Writers story Mr. Asbaghi will come back is being analyzed by a strict critic who has complaints from the beginning of the story to its end (Sadeghi 148). The story begins in the middle of the action. The narrator who is the conductor of the meeting starts the story by claiming that Mr. Writer has just started to write, is a nave writer; he believes that the writer shows a lack of taste in naming the story Mr. Asbaghi will come back. He provides the basics of

The Components of an Intriguing Biography

The Components of an Intriguing Biography A biography is a story of a persons life, written by another author. The writer of a biography is called a biographer while the person written about is known as the subject or biographee. Biographies usually take the form of a narrative, proceeding chronologically through the stages of a persons life. American author  Cynthia Ozick notes in her essay Justice (Again) to Edith Wharton that a good biography is like a novel, wherein it believes in the idea of a life as a triumphal or tragic story with a shape, a story that begins at birth, moves on to a middle part, and ends with the death of the protagonist. A biographical essay is a comparatively short work of nonfiction  about certain aspects of a persons life. By necessity, this  sort of essay  is much  more selective than a full-length biography, usually focusing only on key experiences and events in the subjects  life. Between History and Fiction Perhaps because of this novel-like form, biographies fit squarely between written history and fiction, wherein the author often uses personal flairs and must invent details filling in the gaps of the story of a persons life that cant be gleaned from first-hand or available documentation like home movies, photographs, and written accounts. Some critics of the form argue it does a disservice to both history and fiction, going so far as to call them unwanted offspring, which has brought a great embarrassment to them both, as Michael Holroyd puts it in his book Works on Paper: The Craft of Biography and Autobiography. Nabokov even called biographers psycho-plagiarists, meaning that they steal the psychology of a person and transcribe it to the written form. Biographies are distinct from creative non-fiction such as memoir in that biographies are specifically about one persons full life story from birth to death while creative non-fiction is allowed to focus on a variety of subjects, or in the case of memoirs certain aspects of an individuals life. Writing a Biography For writers who want to pen another persons life story, there are a few ways to spot potential weaknesses, starting with making sure proper and ample research has been conducted   pulling resources such as newspaper clippings, other academic publications, and recovered documents and found footage.    First and foremost, it is the duty of biographers to avoid misrepresenting the subject as well as acknowledging the research sources they used. Writers should, therefore, avoid presenting a personal bias for or against the subject as being objective is key to conveying the persons life story in full detail. Perhaps because of this, John F. Parker observes in his essay Writing: Process to Product that some people find writing a biographical essay easier than writing an  autobiographical  essay. Often it takes less effort to write about others than to reveal ourselves. In other words, in order to tell the full story, even the bad decisions and scandals have to make the page in order to truly be authentic.

Examine the impact of the recent recession in the British Economy Essay

Examine the impact of the recent recession in the British Economy - Essay Example The contraction over the six quarters of the recession was 6.2%. That peak-to-trough decline was less severe than in Japan, Germany and Italy, but the recession lasted longer than in any other G7 economy†. The recession has impacted every sector of the British economy like production, consumption, employment, energy use, and government spending and tax revenue. The fragile situation of the banking system greatly impacted all sectors of economy and many private companies were forced to close down or end up in loss. Many corporate and small enterprises cut down their employees, who had an overall effect on the earning capacity and spending power of the public.Morover there was also a notable decrease in the demand of energy use as production and consumption of the country declined. Due to recession people look in for alternative renewable sources as they were unable to afford fuel charges as they suffered from lower income and lower unemployment rates. Looking briefly in to the e ffect of recession on different sectors of British economy, the following can be explained: I) Changes in Production and Consumption: Production and consumptions is an endless cycle of any economy or market of a developed, developing nation. Britain being a large economy has major public and private companies operating under its constituition.With the breakout of recession, the production and service sector of the country was doomed and this indeed resulted in a tremendous cut in the employment rate of the country. The finance sector and manufacturing sector being interconnected was worse affected which led to the closure of small private owned organizations and many service outlets. In 2008 the UK GDP fell by 5.1 % and this could be mainly because the UK government supporting more the finance sector rather than the manufacturing sector. Due to recession the worst hit area was the construction sector of British economy. By December 2008 , the construction sector of Britain shrank at fast pace than ever, taking civil engineering and commercial sub sectors along with it.Morover the slump in the housing construction field resulted in a downturn in housing market sector. The manufacturing sector being interconnected affected all the production units of the economy which resulted in lesser profitability. Unemployment was the end result and lower household consumption was the end result. As per (Dolling) â€Å"Household final consumption expenditure accounts for about half of the expenditure measure of GDP and is seen as an important economic indicator.† II) Changes in Employment, Unemployment and Productivity; It is a very obvious fact that, recession can bring around sharp decline in the employment rate of an ecnomy.Since the productivity is low, there can be a very evident decrease in the job cuts and this is directly related to decreased house hold consumption .Many people were removed from employment and also faced with considerable cut in their salary r ate because of slumber economy. â€Å"Troubled house builder Barrett last week announced plans to cut 1,000 of its 6,700-strong workforce while Pen dragon, the country's biggest car dealer, laid off 500 workers†(Blackden).If such is the case with employment cuts, unemployment rates in the country can soar which will make the people with less or no spending power. Since recession of 2008, many students who have

Conclusion of online contract Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Conclusion of online contract - Research Paper Example Nowadays, more and more people turn to online agreements, sometimes even preferring them to the traditional written ones. However, consumers cannot help concerning about the validity of the online contracts versus the common written contracts. Yet, â€Å"Electronic contracts and electronic signatures are just as legal and enforceable as traditional paper contracts signed in ink.†1 This fact was established by the Electronic Signatures in Global and International Commerce Act (ESGICA) in 2000, which has updated the status of online agreements, considering them just as legal and enforceable as the written ones. This topic has been chosen due to the growing popularity of the online agreements among the ordinary users and other interested people. The term paper is focused on revealing the essence of the online agreements. The author believes that such a paper is necessary, because of the ascending number of concluded online agreements. Sometimes, a user is not even aware of the fact that he is binding himself to a contract in the online jungle. The online contracts are mostly governed by the same legal traditional principles as the written contracts, consisting of the same elements. The majority of the electronic agreements is reduced to the click through and click wrap agreements. These types of contracts require that the user should scroll through the terms and conditions on a website and confirm that he or she has accepted the terms and conditions of the agreement by taking some sort of action, such as clicking an "I accept" button or by taking some similar action. It is very often that the enforceability of the forum selection clause in these "click-wrap" agreements is at issue since these clauses may force the plaintiff to bring his or her action in a particular jurisdiction, which may be located far away from the plaintiffs home jurisdiction, in order to settle all disputes. The author intends to